“Extremism and role of internet/ social media”

  Social media platforms

A collection of comprehensive details on the significant social networking sites is given in the subsections which follow. Other outlets utilize numerous violent terrorist organizations, but no research or analysis has been identified to discuss these networks. Another drawback is that few of the examined reports are focused on comprehensive observational analysis. This indicates no conclusive proof of the causal connection between the particularities of social networking and the aggressive radicalization of adolescent results in the regions involved.

1.      Chatrooms

Chat rooms may be integrated into most Internet-based newspapers. Research that looked at the usage of chatrooms by militant groups identifies them as places where young people at risk without extensive experience will possibly hear extreme theological agendas (Quilliam, 2014; Shah, 2012). This is in line with Sageman's (2004) focus on chat rooms and forums, based on his differentiation between websites as passive. Sources of news and chat rooms are successful sources of contact. According to Sageman, networking is encouraged by discussion forums. They establish a dialogue between adherents with the same concepts (experiences, ideas, values), improve interpersonal connections, and provide input on behavior (tactics, goals, tutorials). Chatrooms can often contain spaces where extremists exchange knowledge, such as images, videos, guides, and manuals (Sageman, 2008). That said, such a position in the actual planning and organization of attacks is not evident in the literature reviewed in this report.

2.      Yahoo

While several terrorist organizations are fundamentally and technologically anti-Facebook, others have a considerable influence either explicitly or by followers on this site (Quilliam, 2014). However, Facebook does not appear to be used for direct recruiting or preparation, probably because it has monitoring systems that can connect users to actual locations those precise hours. Instead, at least in the past, Facebook seems to have been most frequently used by radicals as a collective content and video delivery hub or as a medium of seeking mutual followers and expressing solidarity rather than overt recruiting.

3.      Twitter

Micro-blogging platforms like Twitter provide more benefits for extremist groups because the traceability of identities and the source of tweets is more challenging to attain, thereby raising the contact capacity for recruiters. Twitter feed analysis created by Islamist violent extremist groups reveals that They are mainly used to communicate with the opposition and the state, in what seem to be tweet battles that unite all sides and are often used for agitation. Through Twitter, radicals may quickly openly comment on foreign affairs or celebrities in multiple languages, helping activists be articulate and timely when campaigning (Quilliam, 2014).

4.      YouTube and other online platforms;

Instead of growing rivalry from other channels, such as Dailymotion, Vimeo, and the like, YouTube remains the video uploading site of choice. It has the benefit of being challenging to monitor the identity of individuals uploading content while giving users the ability to create input and exchange information (Quilliam, 2014). The three critical motives for producing video posts from violent Islamist radicals include celebrating martyrs, supporting suicide bombing, and advertising in favor of radical ideologies. The Quilliam Study (2014) publishes a detailed review of the contents of violent Islamic terrorist videos on YouTube. It explains how the contents approach a compassionate audience and emphasize informing and celebrating martyrs with less accessible violent content, such as suicide bombings. This may be an overt tactic to subvert the mark of the fascists that might be used. Lead to government restriction or censoring or YouTube behaving proactively and deleting material that violates the usage standards (Quilliam, 2014; Vergani & Zuev, 2015). 

These videos include rich media messaging that incorporates non-verbal signals with dramatic imagery of incidents that can elicit social and emotional responses and aggressive responses. Terrorists record and disseminate their actions on-camera via the the Internet, the transmission of a picture of productivity and performance. These recordings, in particular, are used to activate and attract participants and sympathizers. Videos often function as verification and database, while they protect live video of real destruction and verify incidents of terrorism. YouTube reacted to the issues by developing a technology that "focuses on the ISIS demographic that is more vulnerable to its messaging and redirects it to curated viewers.

Conclusion 

The Internet provides significant resources to facilitate the achievement of Renewable 2030.The Growth Agenda and the protection of all human rights, including access to records, freedom of speech and privacy online. UNESCO also admits that such modes of Internet usage and internet-related consequences that are unregulated can contribute to undesirable results. Therefore, the Association aims to foster understanding among all stakeholders, facilitate dialogue, contemplation, and seek alternatives to minimize unwanted effects and reinforce the most common distribution and recognition of benefits. Exploring Internet-related trends, recognizing their development in various countries, their deployment and product through diverse consumer groups and communities are part of this initiative. Such an empirical-based interpretation will promote more successful policy solutions and improve our efforts towards achieving foreign objectives.

In public culture, it is sometimes taken for granted that the Internet and social media play critical roles in radicalizing teenagers rather than as a catalyst for constructive progress. The loss of life, instability and other significant social disturbances that arise as radicalization escalates into terrorist activities makes it an essential public policy issue to consider the causes and reasons for radicalization escalation. UNESCO is now commissioning studies to obtain more in-depth insight into the ties between radicalization and social media. The research would also aim to explain how counter-measures will impair the practice of human rights online and offline to protect the positive benefits and fundamental freedoms that the Internet provides. Therefore, the goal is to provide a global overview of research into the positions focused on social media in radicalization cycles in all countries, to analyze similar counter-steps to posts on social media that tend to lead to radicalization and to include an in-depth study of how this may influence online freedoms. The analysis could consist of policy suggestions based on the analytical results for appropriate responses that could be provided by different stakeholders, such as state governments, Internet providers, news media and academics, as well as individual consumers, among others.